Fish farming generates billions of dollars of revenue, and the culture of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) is the largest aquaculture in the U.S. The most serious bacterial pathogens affecting this industry are Edwardsiella ictaluri and Flavobacterium columnare. Losses due to these pathogens are estimated to be $50-80 million, annually. The...

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of community acquired pneumonia. It also results in some two million deaths in children under five and is the major cause of otitis media (ear aches) in the US and Europe. Hence, there is a real need for an effective vaccine against this pathogen. Professor Roy Curtiss and colleagues at Arizona...