This invention contains the following distinct novelties: 1. The ability to perform flip-chip based electronic packaging for a die that contains mechanical and electrically active MEMS (Micro Electromechanical System) structures. Currently, most MEMS packaging technology still use a old-fashioned (Gold or Aluminum) wire-bonding technology which...

Halogenated organic compounds (organohalides) have often been released into the soil and groundwater. These compounds may be carcinogenic and are hazardous to the natural environment. A significant need exists therefore for techniques to efficiently decontaminate these types of toxic compounds. Researchers at the Biodesign Institute of Arizona...

Algal biofuels are a promising area of research in the field of alternative energy. A major drawback of the currently available methods of algae cultivation is the lack of an economical and efficient method to harvest the biomass; recovery of the algae biomass from the culture medium may contribute 20-30% of the total cost of culture. Recovery...

Arizona State University researchers have developed a dynamic inertial balance device and methodology designed to meet the need to match the behavior of golf clubs during the swing. This device was developed directly from biomechanical research conducted at ASU. It duplicates, or exceeds, the ability of an expert golfer with a "grooved swing" to...

Concrete mixing and placing processes lead to inevitable voids entrapped in the concrete – typically 1%-3%. Where temperatures vary widely, 5% total air or more is needed to allow the concrete to resist freeze-thaw damage. To achieve this high level of air content, additives known as air entraining agents (AEA) are added to capture the necessary...

Currently, fastening a bolt requires using either a classical wrench for small bolts or a hydraulic stretcher for heavy duty bolts such as those employed in large manufacturing applications (e.g. oil exploration/production). These existing methods are generally labor intensive and therefore expensive and time consuming. In addition, due to weight...