The development of new drugs and diagnostic assays requires the ability to identify and prepare high-affinity, high-specificity ligands. Monoclonal antibodies are useful reagents in this regard, but are difficult to humanize and express in large amounts. Monoclonal antibodies are also intrinsically limited by the immunological repertoire of the...

Many enzyme based applications and processes could be improved if there were a means to increase or decrease the activity of a specific enzyme under a particular set of conditions. In particular, being able to inhibit one enzyme in the presence of others, stabilizing and maintaining its catalytic activity over time, or enhancing its activity under...

The development of new drugs and diagnostic assays requires the ability to identify and prepare high-affinity, high-specificity ligands. Monoclonal antibodies are useful reagents in this regard, but are difficult to humanize and express in large amounts. Monoclonal antibodies are also intrinsically limited by the immunological repertoire of the...

Present day society is constantly demanding enhanced security for location and identification for both friend and foe. One avenue is biometric signatures, where standoff and clandestine systems are highly desirable. A biometric signature that holds great promise, but has not been exploited is biosignatures for subjects of interest gathered airborne...

The development of new drugs and diagnostic assays requires the ability to identify and prepare high-affinity, high-specificity ligands. Monoclonal antibodies are useful reagents in this regard, but are difficult to humanize and express in large amounts. Monoclonal antibodies are also intrinsically limited by the immunological repertoire of the...

Microarrays are commonly used in the analysis of an analyte or a mixture of analytes for the purposes of identification and quantification, as well as to characterize their physical and chemical properties. For example, DNA microarrays are often used to identify the presence or amount of specific gene transcripts or other specific nucleic acid sequences....

Directed evolution is a process wherein a gene sequence is varied randomly, generating a library of mutated genes. These mutated genes are expressed and the functions of those gene products are assayed. A selection procedure is then applied to select those genes that express products with desirable functions. These genes are then selectively amplified...

DNA binding proteins play an important regulatory role in activating transcription. Both the study and the utility of such specific DNA binding proteins would be enhanced if the binding protein where able to report its binding state and some information about its environment. In addition, it would be useful if controlled activities, such as DNA...